【藥品性質提示】 根據 2019 AGS Beers Criteria，本藥品為【潛在不適當用藥 (PIM)】，用於老年人時須謹慎使用(監測血鈉值)；腎功能不佳 (CrCl<30mL/min) 應避免使用。

高血壓 (diuretics) 利尿劑 (K sparing) Hypertension, edema due to congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, or nephrotic syndrome

Spironolactone is a renal competitive aldosterone antagonist. It inhibits the effect of aldosterone by competing for the aldosterone-dependent sodium-potassium exchange site in the distal tubule cells. This increases the secretion of water and sodium, while decreasing the excretion of potassium.

Absorption: Food increases bioavailability by almost 100%
Protein binding: more than 90%
Metabolism: Rapidly and extensively metabolized
Elimination Half Life: 1.4hr

Anuria, acute renal insufficiency, hyperkalemia.

C

Infant risk is minimal.

Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, dehydration, GI syndrome, cramping, ataxia, skin rash, headache, drowsiness

25-200 mg/day, divided into 2-4 doses

3.3 mg/kg/day