治療癲癇 Generalized onset seizures, seizure prophylaxis or treatment of neurosurgery <20210929>
#仿單變更 2021

Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug that suppresses the spread of seizure activity mainly by inhibiting synaptic post-tetanic potentiation and blocking the propagation of electric discharge.

1. Onset of action: ~0.5 to 1 hour
2. Protein binding: about 90%; Hypoalbuminemia, chronic liver or renal disease, nephritic syndrome, AIDS, or acute traumatic injury alter protein binding and increase the fraction of unbound phenytoin
3. Half-life elimination: 10 to 12 hours
4. Excretion: Urine (<5% as unchanged drug); as glucuronides

1. Hypersensitivity to phenytoin, hydantoins, or any component of the formulation; history of prior acute hepatotoxicity attributable to phenytoin
2. Sinus bradycardia, sinoatrial block, second- and third-degree heart block, Adams-Stokes syndrome

D

Phenytoin is excreted in breast milk. According to the manufacturer, the decision to breastfeed during therapy should consider the risk and benefits.

Pruritus, Rash, Constipation, Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia, Nausea, Vomiting, Hepatotoxicity, osteomalacia, Ataxia, Choreoathetosis, Coordination problem, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Headache, Insomnia, Paresthesia, Slurred speech, Thrombocytopenia, Agranulocytosis

Seizure statement control:
(IV) Loading dose 10-15 mg/kg, at a rate not exceeding 50mg/min; maintenance dose 100mg every 6-8 hours<20210929>
Surjery, seizure prophylaxis:
(IM) 100-200mg every four hours, during and after surjery

1. Store below 30 degree C<20210929>
2. 本品因是強鹼性，故無法與其他藥品配合。又pH降低時會析出結晶。(仿單)