【藥品性質提示】 根據 2019 AGS Beers Criteria，本藥品為【潛在不適當用藥 (PIM)】，不建議用於老年人。

Anxiety, tension, agitation, irritability, insomnia with anxiety, neurosis or transient situational disturbances.

Lorazepam, a benzodiazepine clinically used as antianxiety, sedative and anticonvulsant agent, binds highly to the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-benzodiazepine receptor complex without displacing GABA.

Bioavailability: 90%; Time to peak concentration, approximately 2 hours; Vd: approximately 1.3 L/kg; Protein binding: 85% to 91%; Excretion: Fecal: 7%, Renal: 88%; Elimination Half Life: 12 to 14 hours.

Hypersensitive to the benzodiazepines, acute narrow angle glaucoma, psychotic reactions, primary depression disorders.

D

Probably safe; it is excreted into milk in low concentration, the milk/plasma ratio varied from 0.15 to 0.27. Nursing infant with drowsiness, and low body weight has been reported.

Sedation, dizziness, weakness, unsteadiness, confusion, headache, sleep disturbance, slight hypotension.

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: 2 mg orally every 6 hours for 4 doses, then 1 mg every 6 hours for 8 doses. Anxiety: Initial, 2 to 3 mg/day orally divided into 2 to 3 daily doses; maintenance, 2 to 6 mg/day orally divided into 2 to 3 daily doses; dose may vary from 1 to 10 mg/day. Insomnia, due to anxiety or situational stress: 2 to 4 mg orally at bedtime.

Anxiety for12 years and older: Initial, 2 to 3 mg/day orally divided into 2 to 3 daily doses; maintenance, 2 to 6 mg/day orally divided into 2 to 3 daily doses; dose may vary from 1 to 10 mg/day. Insomnia, due to anxiety or situational stress for 12 years and older: 2 to 4 mg orally at bedtime.

Renal impairment, mild to moderate (injection): no dosage adjustment is needed. Renal failure (injection): use not recommended.

Hepatic impairment, mild to moderate (injection): no dosage adjustment is needed. Hepatic failure (injection): use not recommended.