【缺藥訊息】 公告日期：2023/1/19。 缺藥品項：Avelox 針 400mg/250mL/Bot。 缺藥原因：因國外製造廠供貨不穩。 替代藥品：國內有同成份規格替代品。 配套措施：採購替代品，庫存量用罄關檔停用，請改用同成分規格替代品 MOS03 Mosflow 針 400mg/250mL/Bot 替代。

Fluoroquinolone類抗生素 Treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, skin and skin structure infections, intra-abdominal infections, prophylaxis and treatment of plague

Antibiotic, Fluoroquinolone
A broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity including G(+) and G(-) organisms, Chlamydia spp, anaerobes, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It inhibits bacterial DNA topoisomerases required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination.

1. Bioavailability: approximately 90%
2. Protein binding 50%
3. Metabolism: metabolized in liver via glucuronide and sulfate conjugation, 15~21% unchanged renal excretion, t1/2 9~16 hr

Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or quinolones

C

Avoided

Nausea, diarrhea, hypertension, palpitation, QT interval prolongation, skin rash

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute exacerbation:
Note: Some experts reserve for patients who have risk factors for poor outcomes (eg, ≥65 years of age, FEV1 <50% predicted, frequent exacerbations, major comorbidities), but are at low risk of Pseudomonas infection.
400 mg once daily for 3 to 7 days
Intra-abdominal infection, community-acquired in patients without risk factors for resistance or treatment failure:
400 mg once daily for 4 to 5 days following adequate source control; for diverticulitis or uncomplicated appendicitis managed without intervention, duration is 7 to 10 days
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma extragenital infections:
400 mg once daily; for patients who are immunocompromised, some experts recommend combination therapy with doxycycline
Plague (Yersinia pestis), treatment:
400 mg once daily for 7 to 14 days and at least until 2 days after patient has defervesced
Pneumonia, community-acquired:
Note: Avoid use in patients with risk factors for P. aeruginosa
400 mg once daily for a minimum of 5 days; for inpatients with severe pneumonia or risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, use as part of an appropriate combination regimen
Skin and soft tissue infections (for patients who cannot receive beta-lactams):
400 mg once daily

In pediatric patients, fluoroquinolones are not routinely first-line therapy, but after assessment of risks and benefits, can be considered a reasonable alternative for situations where no safe and effective substitute is available

1. Altered kidney function: No dosage adjustment necessary
2. Hemodialysis, Peritoneal dialysis, CRRT: Poorly dialyzed; No supplemental dose or dosage adjustment necessary

No dosage adjustment necessary; however, use with caution in this patient population secondary to the risk of QT prolongation.