高血壓 (Beta-blocker) 治療心律不整 治療心絞痛 Hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, prophylaxis of migraine, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.

Propranolol hydrochloride is a nonselective beta-blocker that reduces chronotropic, inotropic and vasodilator responses to beta-adrenergic stimulation by competing for available binding sites that stimulate the beta-adrenergic receptors. The drug controls hypertension, migraines and tremors through incompletely understood mechanisms. It has also dose-related antiarrhythmic, quinidine-like or anesthetic-like membrane effects

Tmax, immediate-release tablet: 1.5 to 2 hours; Bioavailability: 30% to 70%; Distribution- Protein binding, approximately 93%; Vd, approximately 6 L/kg. Metabolism- Liver, extensive; Excretion- Renal, Less than 1%; Hemodialysis, No; Plasmapheresis, Yes. Elimination Half Life: Immediate-release formulation, 3 to 6 hours

Second to third degree heart block, bronchial asthma, cardiogenic shocks, sinus bradycardia, allergic rhinitis during the pollen season, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis.

C

Avoided, milk levels of propanolol with milk/plasma ratios from 0.2-1.5.

Severe bradycardia, congestive heart failure, hypotension, bronchospasm.

PO 10-40mg TID or QID, maintenance dose: 160-480mg/day.