Fluoroquinolone類 Treatment of urinary tract infections, chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia (including penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae), skin and skin structure infections, and maxillary sinusitis.

Levofloxavin is the active L-isomer of ofloxacin that allow higher dosages of the active form to be given with fewer side effects.

Bioavailability: 99%, Oral and intravenous routes of administration are considered interchangeable; Distribution: high concentrations are achieved in prostate, lung, and gynecological tissues, sinus, saliva; Primarily excreted from urine as unchanged drug (87%); Elimination half-life: 6-8 hrs.

Hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, other fluoroquinolones

C

Excretion in breast milk unknown/not recommended

Nausea, headache, diarrhea, insomnia, dizziness, and constipation.

Adults: PO or IV for chronic bronchitis－500 mg QD for at least 7 days. PO or IV for pneumonia, sinusitis, and skin infections－750 mg QD for 5 days ( 7-14 days, if nosocomial pneumonia). PO or IV for UTI－250 mg QD for 3-10 days OR 750 mg QD for 5 days. PO or IV for prostatitis－500 mg QD for 28 days.
Safety and efficacy in children under 18 years of age have not been established (oral/IV). Administration:IV: infuse over at least 60 minutes (250 mg and 500 mg) or 90 minutes (750 mg). Oral tablets: may take with or without food, do NOT give within 2 hr of antacids, sucralfate, iron, or zinc.

Dosage adjustment in renal impairment:
After an initial dose of 750mg QD, Clcr 20~49 ml/min: 750 mg Q48 H; Clcr up to 19 ml/min (including HD/CAPD): 500 mg Q48 H.
After an initial dose of 500mg QD, Clcr 20~49 ml/min: 250m