#高警訊藥品

脊椎麻醉導致之急性低血壓、支氣管性氣喘 Anesthesia-induced hypotension; Asthma

Alpha-/Beta- Agonist
Releases tissue stores of norepinephrine and thereby produces an alpha- and beta-adrenergic stimulation; longer-acting and less potent than epinephrine.

1. Onset: (IM) Within 10 to 20 minutes
2. Duration: (Pressor/cardiac effects, SubQ) 1 hour
3. Metabolism: Minimally hepatic; metabolites include p-hydroxyephedrine, p-hydroxynorephedrine, norephedrine
4. Half-life elimination: (Urine pH 5) ~3 hours; (Urine pH 6.3) ~6 hours
5. Excretion: Urine (primarily unchanged; dependent upon urinary pH with greatest excretion in acid pH)

Hypersensitivity to ephedrine or other sympathomimetic amines.

Should consider the risk and the benefits

Contraindicated

Palpitations, hypertension, nervousness, tremors, anxiety, psychosis, hallucinations, depression, paranoia, seizures, urinary retention, hypersensitivity, and physical addiction

1. Initial 25 to 50 mg (SC) or 5-25 mg (IV); repeat as needed to maintain BP
2. Maximum total cumulative dose: 150 mg within 24 hours

0.5mg/kg or 16.7mg/m2 BSA (SC or SubQ); repeat every 4 to 6 hours

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; use with caution.

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.