Presystemic metabolism is noted to be 90% and metabolism is reported hepatic. Renal Excretion accounts for major 24 ± 3.1 and plasma half life is 10-30 hr.
禁忌症
Preexisting CNS depression or coma, resp depression, acute pulmonary insufficiency or sleep apnoea; severe hepatic impairment; not indicated for chronic psychosis, phobic or obsessional states; may precipitate suicide or aggressive behavior, not used alone to treat depression or anxiety associated with depression; glaucoma.
懷孕分類
Avoid use in pregency or breasting women.
哺乳分類
Avoid use in breasting women.
副作用
Drowsiness, sedation, muscle weakness and ataxia; less frequently vertigo, headache, confusion, depression, slurred speech, changes in libido, tremor, visual disturbances, urinary retention, GI disturbances, changes in salivation and amnesia; rarely, jaundice, blood disorders and hypersensitivity reactions; pain and thrombophloebitis; raised liver enzyme values; paradoxical excitation.