革蘭氏陽性、陰性菌、立克次氏體及巨型濾過性病毒等引起之感染症
Treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive or -negative bacteria and Rickettsiae

Tetracycline antibiotic
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding with the 30S and possibly the 50S ribosomal subunit(s) of susceptible bacteria; cell wall synthesis is not affected

Distribution:
1. Widely distributed to most body fluids, bile, and tissues; poor CNS penetration; deposits in fat for extended periods; Vd: 0.14 to 0.7 L/kg
2. Protein binding: 55% to 96%
Metabolism:
1. Hepatic to inactive metabolites
2. Bioavailability: 90% to 100%
Half-life elimination:
1. General: 15 to 23 hours
2. Hepatic impairment: 11 to 16 hours
3. Renal impairment: 18 to 69 hours
Excretion:
Urine (5% to 12% excreted unchanged); feces (20% to 34%)

1. Hypersensitivity to minocycline, other tetracyclines, or any component of the formulation
2. Severe liver disease
3. Complete renal failure
4. Myasthenia gravis
5. Use in children <13 years of age; pregnancy; breastfeeding

Minocycline crosses the placenta. Tetracycline-class antibiotics may cause fetal harm following maternal use in pregnancy.

Minocycline is present in breast milk. According to the manufacturer, the decision to continue or discontinue breastfeeding during therapy should consider the risk and the benefits.

Common:
Pruritus, urticaria, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, drowsiness, arthralgia, tinnitus
Postmarketing:
Abnormal thyroid function test, acute renal failure, anaphylaxis, angioedema, autoimmune hepatitis, Clostridioides difficile associated diarrhea amd colitis, dysphagia, hearing loss, hemolytic anemia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, thrombocytopenia

Usual dosage range:
(IV) Initial 200 mg for 1 dose; Maintenance: 100 mg every 12 hours (maximum: 400 mg daily)

General dosing: Children >8 years and Adolescents
(IV) Initial 4mg/kg for 1 dose; Maintenance: 2mg/kg every 12 hours (maximum: 400 mg daily)

CrCl >80 mL/minute: No dosage adjustment necessary.
CrCl <80 mL/minute: Do not exceed 200 mg/day.

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; however, hepatotoxicity has been reported. Use with caution.