#建議持續輸注 (IV pump) 之高警訊藥品

General anesthesia: Induction of general anesthesia before administration of other anesthetic agents; maintenance of anesthesia as a component of balanced anesthesia
Mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU, sedation: Sedation of intubated and mechanically ventilated patients as a component of anesthesia or during treatment in a critical care setting by continuous IV infusion
Procedural sedation, outside the operating room: Sedation, anxiolysis, and amnesia prior to or during diagnostic, therapeutic, or endoscopic procedures, or prior to surgery

Benzodiazepine
Midazolam produces a more rapid onset and less venous irritation of anesthesia induction than diazepam. It also can be considered as an alternative to thiopental although it has a slower onset of action. Midazolam appears to offer no advantage over triazolam as hypnotics for insomnia.

1. Hypersensitivity to midazolam or other benzodiazepines
2. Patients with narrow angle glancoma

D

Midazolam reportedly is distributed into milk in humans, and the manufacturer states that caution should be exercised when midazolam is administered to nursing women.

Changes in vital signs (e.g., respiratory rate, blood pressure, pulse rate)

General anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care:
0.5 to 2 mg; administered in 0.5 to 1 mg increments based on clinical effect
Mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU, sedation:
1. Intermittent: Initial 0.5 to 5 mg or 0.01 to 0.05 mg/kg over ≥2 minutes; may repeat at 10- to 15-minute intervals as needed until goal level of sedation is achieved
2. Continuous infusion: Loading 0.5 to 5 mg every 1 to 5 minutes (if needed), followed by 1 to 8 mg/hour or 0.01 to 0.1 mg/kg/hour continuous infusion; titrate infusion rate to clinical effect.
Procedural sedation, outside the operating room:
0.5 to 2 mg IV over ≥2 minutes; repeat every 2 to 5 minutes as needed; titrate to clinical effect; maximum total dose 5 mg

1. Mild to moderate renal failure: No dose adjustments are required
2. Severe renal failure (ClCr <10 mL/min): Dose should be decrease by 50%

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; use with caution.