【藥品性質提示】 根據 2019 AGS Beers Criteria，本藥品為【潛在不適當用藥 (PIM)】，不建議用於老年人夜尿症。

Diabetes insipidus, central: Antidiuretic replacement therapy in the management of central diabetes insipidus and temporary polyuria following head trauma or surgery
Refractory Nocturia: Treatment of nocturia due to nocturnal polyuria in adults who awaken at least 2 times per night to void
Primary nocturnal enuresis: Management of primary nocturnal enuresis, either alone or as an adjunct

Posterior Pituitary Hormone; Vasopressin Analog
Synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin. In a dose dependent manner, desmopressin increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in renal tubular cells which increases water permeability resulting in decreased urine volume and increased urine osmolality.

Onset of action: ~1 hour; Peak effect: 4 to 7 hours
Duration: ~6 to 14 hours
Bioavailability: 5% compared to intranasal, 0.16% compared to IV
Half-life elimination: 2 to 4 hours; In severe renal impairment, extend to ~9 hours
Excretion: Urine (primarily).

1. Hypersensitivity to desmopressin
2. Patients with Type IIB von Willebrand's disease

B

Excretion in breast milk unknown/use caution

Facial flushing, headache, water retention and hyponatremia, abdominal cramps, nasal congestion, rhinitis, local dermatologic effects following injection, rash

Diabetes insipidus, central:
1. Initial 0.05-0.2 mg once daily at bedtime; adjust bedtime dosage in 0.05 mg increments if needed. Assess need for daytime dose based on subsequent daytime polyuria.
2. Usual maintenance dose: 0.1-0.8 mg/day in 2 to 3 equally divided doses; maximum 1.2 mg/day
Refractory Nocturia:
Initial 0.05-0.1 mg once daily at bedtime; doses >0.1 mg/day are unlikely to provide additional benefit and may increase risk of hyponatremia

Diabetes insipidus, central:
Children ≥4 years and Adolescents: Initial 0.05 mg twice daily; optimal daily dose range: 0.1-0.8 mg/day in 2 to 3 divided doses
Nocturnal enuresis:
1. Children ≥6 years and Adolescents: Initial 0.2 mg once before bedtime; titrate as needed to a maximum of 0.6 mg/day
2. Fluid intake should be limited to a minimum from 1 hour before desmopressin administration until the next morning, or at least 8 hours after administration

1. CrCl 50 mL/minute: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.
2. CrCl <50 mL/minute: Use is contraindicated according to the manufacturer

There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer's labeling.