【藥品性質提示】 根據 2019 AGS Beers Criteria，本藥品為【潛在不適當用藥 (PIM)】，不建議用於有骨折風險之老年人(除非用於急性止痛)。 #高警訊藥品

類鴉片止痛 Pain management; Surgical anesthesia supplement

Opioid Analgesic
Agonist of kappa opiate receptors and partial antagonist of mu opiate receptors in the CNS, causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways, altering the perception of and response to pain; produces generalized CNS depression

1. Onset of action: (SubQ, IM) <15 minutes; (IV) 2 to 3 minutes
2. Duration of action: 3 to 6 hours
3. Protein binding: ~50%
4. Metabolism: Hepatic; extensive first-pass metabolism
5. Half-life elimination: (Children) 0.9 to 3.5 hours; (Adults) 5 hours
6. Excretion: Feces; urine (~7% eliminated as unchanged drug and metabolites)

1. Significant respiratory depression; Acute or severe bronchial asthma in an unmonitored setting or in the absence of resuscitative equipment
2. Known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction, including paralytic ileus
3. Hypersensitivity to nalbuphine or to any component of the product

Fetal risk cannot be ruled out

Infant risk cannot be ruled out

Sedation, Dizziness, headache, Cold and clammy skin, Nausea and vomiting, xerostomia

Pain management: IM, IV, SubQ
1. Usual dose: 10 mg every 3 to 6 hours as needed (based on a 70 kg patient); may titrate dose to appropriate effect.
2. Maximum dose in nonopioid-tolerant patients: 20 mg/dose; 160 mg/day.
Surgical anesthesia supplement: IV
1. Induction: 0.3 to 3 mg/kg over 10 to 15 minutes
2. Maintenance: 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg as required

Safety and effectiveness have not been established in patients younger than 18 years of age

There are no specific dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; however, a reduced dose is recommended. Use with caution.

There are no specific dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; however, a reduced dose is recommended. Use with caution.