Prostaglandin; Vasodilator
Alprostadil, the naturally occurring prostaglandin E1, is a vasodilating agent and a platelet-aggregation inhibitor.
藥動學
1. Onset of action: (Erectile dysfunction) 5 to 20 minutes
2. Protein binding: 81% to albumin
3. Metabolism: ~70% to 80% by oxidation during a single pass through the lungs; metabolite (13,14 dihydro-PGE1) is active and has been identified in neonates
4. Half-life elimination: 30 seconds to 10 minutes
5. Excretion: Primarily urine (90% as metabolites) within 24 hours; feces
禁忌症
1. Neonates with respiratory distress syndrome
2. Hypersensitivity
3. Sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma; leukemia
4. Intracavenous injection is contraindicated in men who might be predisposed to priapism and whom sexual activity is inadvisable or contraindicated
Intraarterial
1. Administration: 1 vial (Alprostadil 20mcg) diliuted with 5mL normal saline; admister by IA infusion pump
2. Dosage: 10-15 mcg (0.1-0.15 ng/kg/min) per day; may titrate to between 0.05-0.2 ng/kg/min Intravenous
1. Administration: 2-3 vial (Alprostadil 40-60mcg) diliuted with 500mL normal saline; administer over 2hrs
2. Dosage: 5-10 ng/kg/min, once to twice daily; do not exceed 1.2 mcg/kg within 2 hours Raynaud's phenomenon: (Off-label)
6-10 ng/kg/min IV for 12-72 hours
小兒調整劑量
腎功能調整劑量
There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.
肝功能調整劑量
There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.
安定性
NS or D5W may be used to prepare Prostaglandin E1 dilution of 2-20mg/L, and should be discarded after 24 hours.