當病人口服或經腸營養不可能、不足或禁忌時，作為非經腸營養方式的一部分。

Caloric Agent

Metabolism: fatty acids, phospholipids, and glycerol are metabolized by cells to adenosine triphosphate (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.
Excretion: biliary (phospholipids).

Hypersensitivity to fish, egg, soybean, or any other component of the formulation; severe disorders of lipid metabolism characterized by hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride concentrations >1,000 mg/dL); severe hepatic insufficiency; severe blood coagulation disorders; severe renal insufficiency without access to hemofiltration or dialysis; acute shock; acute pulmonary edema; hyperhydration; decompensated cardiac insufficiency.

>10%: anemia (neonates, infants, children: 18%; adults: 2%).
1% to 10%: hypertension, tachycardia, thrombophlebitis, pruritus, skin rash, hyperglycemia, increased gamma-glutamyl transferase, metabolic acidosis, nutrition disorder, abdominal pain, cholestasis, diarrhea, dysgeusia, dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea, vomiting, urinary tract infection, C-reactive protein increased, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, abnormal hepatic function tests, hyperbilirubinemia, increased serum alkaline phosphatase, infection, sepsis, dizziness, headache, dyspnea, pneumonia, fever.

Energy/calories: IV: 1 to 2 g/kg/day; daily dose may be infused over 12 to 24 hours; maximum daily dose: 2.5 g/kg/day; infusion rate: 0.125-0.15 g/kg/hr.

Parenteral nutrition (infusion rate: <0.15 g/kg/hr):
<2 years: IV: Initial: 0.5 to 1 g/kg/day; increase by 0.5 to 1 g/kg/day to a maximum daily dose of 3 g/kg/day.
2 to <12 years: IV: Initial: 1 to 2 g/kg/day; increase by 0.5 to 1 g/kg/day to a maximum daily dose of 3 g/kg/day.
Children ≥12 years and Adolescents: IV: Initial: 1 to 2 g/kg/day; maximum daily dose: 2.5 g/kg/day.