Corneal edema Elective termination of pregnancy Heat stroke. Hyponatremia Hypovolemic shock Irrigation, General Nasal irritation

Sodium chloride is a source of water and electrolyte. Sodium is the principle cation of extracellular fluid and chloride is the principle anion of extracellular fluid. Sodium content normally determines the volume of extracellular fluid, and important in the regulation of osmolarity, acid-base balance, and the membrane potential of cells

Absorption: Oral: Rapid Distribution: Widely distributed Excretion: Primarily urine; also sweat, tears, saliva

specific contraindications have not been determined

C (FDA)

Infant risk cannot be ruled out.

Cardiovascular: Congestive heart failure Endocrine metabolic: Hypernatremia, Overhydration Hematologic: Disseminated intravascular coagulation Respiratory: Respiratory distress

In the treatment of severe symptoms of chronic hyponatremia it is recommended to increase the serum sodium by 2 to 4 mmol/liter (mmol/L) within 2 to 4 hours (1 to 2 mmol/L/hour) with infusion of hypertonic saline. Corrections in sodium level should be limited to less than 10 to 12 mmol/L in 24 hours, and to less than 18 mmol/L in 48 hours to avoid demyelination syndrome