【藥品性質提示】 本品為公費藥品，需按疾管署公告適用對象處方，並於系統勾選適用對象。 疾管署公告內容：連結。 【藥品訊息】 Tamiflu 克流感 衛教單張

抗病毒藥品 Influenza
1. Prophylaxis of influenza (A or B) infection in patients>1 y/o.
2. Treatment of uncomplicated acute illness due to influenza (A or B) infection in patients >2 weeks of age who have been symptomatic for ≤48 hours.

Antiviral Agent; Neuraminidase Inhibitor

Absorption:
Well absorbed
Distribution (Vd); Half-life elimination:

age	Vd (median)	Vd (range)	Half-life elimination (median)	Half-life elimination (range)
≤2 months	5.8 L/kg	2.97-44.91 L/kg	6.64 hours	4.65-28.71 hours
3-5 months	10.4 L/kg	4.03-13.94 L/kg	9.09 hours	6.25-19 hours
6-8 months	10.19 L/kg	1.39-107.59 L/kg	10.29 hours	1.02-78.26 hours
9-11 months	15.13 L/kg	5.46-95.3 L/kg	11.13 hours	5.4-51.86 hours
12-23 months	24.36 L/kg	8.97-47.37 L/kg	14.82 hours	8.13-20.16 hours
Adults	23-26 L		Oseltamivir: 1 to 3 hours; Oseltamivir carboxylate: 6 to 10 hours

Distribution (Protein binding):
Oseltamivir carboxylate: 3%; Oseltamivir: 42%
Metabolism:
Hepatic (90%) to oseltamivir carboxylate; neither the parent drug nor active metabolite has any effect on the CYP450 system.
Excretion:
Urine (>99% as oseltamivir carboxylate); feces (<20%)

1. Known serious hypersensitivity to oseltamivir or any component of the product.
2. Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis, serious skin reactions including toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, and erythema multiforme)

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies with TAMIFLU in pregnant women to inform a drugassociated risk of adverse developmental outcomes.

Based on limited published data, oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate have been shown to be present in human milk at low levels considered unlikely to lead to toxicity in the breastfed infant.

Serious skin and hypersensitivity reactions
Neuropsychiatric events

Adults and adolescents >13 y/o:
75 mg twice daily (one 75 mg capsule or 12.5 mL of oral suspension twice daily) for 5 days

Pediatric Patients (2 weeks~12 years of age):
1. Infants ≤8 months: 3 mg/kg/dose twice daily
2. Infants ≥9 months: 3.5 mg/kg/dose twice daily
3. ≤15 kg: 30 mg twice daily
4. >15 to 23 kg: 45 mg twice daily
5. >23 to 40 kg: 60 mg twice daily
6. >40 kg: 75 mg twice daily

1. CrCl >60 mL/minute: No dosage adjustment necessary
2. CrCl >30-60 mL/minute: 30 mg twice daily
3. CrCl >10-30 mL/minute: 30 mg once daily
4. ESRD not undergoing dialysis: Use is not recommended (has not been studied)

1. Mild-to-moderate impairment: No dosage adjustment necessary.
2. Severe impairment: No dosage adjustment provided in manufacturer's labeling (has not been studied).