#最小單位貼紙

抗病毒藥品 HIV infection, Treatment or Preexposure (PEP) in high-risk adults

Tenofovir: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (Anti-HIV)
Emtricitabine: Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (Anti-HIV)
Emtricitabine is a cytidine analogue while tenofovir is an analog of adenosine 5'-monophosphate. Each drug interferes with HIV viral RNA dependent DNA polymerase resulting in inhibition of viral replication.

1. Bioavailability: (Emtricitabine) 92%; (Tenofovir) 25%
2. Protein binding: (Emtricitabine) <4%; (Tenofovir) <0.7%
3. Metabolism: (Emtricitabine) Renal, 86% unchanged; (Tenofovir) Renal, 70-80% unchanged
4. Elimination Half Life: (Emtricitabine) approximately 10 hours; (Tenofovir) approximately 17 hours

Pre-exposure prophylaxis in individuals with unknown or positive HIV-1 status.

B (FDA)

Infant risk cannot be ruled out.

1. Dermatologic: Rash
2. Endocrine metabolic: Lactic acidosis
3. Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, Serum amylase raised, Pancreatitis
4. Musculoskeletal: Backache, Myalgia, Osteopenia, Rhabdomyolysis
5. Neurologic: Dizziness, Fatigue, Headache, Insomnia, Peripheral neuropathy
6. Psychiatric: Depression, Dream disorder
7. Respiratory: Pneumonia 8. Hepatic: Hepatomegaly, Hepatotoxicity, Reactivation of hepatitis B viral hepatitis
9. Immunologic: Immune reconstitution syndrome
10. Renal: Fanconi syndrome, Renal impairment

One tablet once daily, with or without food

1. <17 kg: Not intended for use; safety and efficacy have not been established
2. ≥35 kg: Refer to adult use

1. CrCl ≥50 mL/min: 1 tablet Q24H
2. CrCl 30-49 mL/min: 1 tablet Q48H
3. CrCl <30 mL/min: should not be administered