【藥品訊息】 優力黴素口服懸浮液 仿單 優力黴素口服懸浮液 衛教單張

Cephalosporins類抗生素 (一代)

Bone infections: caused by Staphylococcus aureus and/or Proteus mirabilis
Otitis media: caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, S. aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Moraxella catarrhalis
Respiratory tract infections: infections including pharyngitis; caused by S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes
Skin and soft tissue infections: caused by S. aureus and/or S. pyogenes
Urinary tract infections: genitourinary tract infections, including acute prostatitis; caused by Escherichia coli, P. mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Antibiotic, Cephalosporin (First Generation)
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibit the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria eventually lyse due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell wall assembly is arrested.

Absorption:
1. Rapid (90%); delayed in young children and may be decreased up to 50% in neonates
2. Time to peak, serum: ~1 hour
Distribution:
1. Widely into most body tissues and fluids, including gallbladder, liver, kidneys, bone, sputum, bile, and pleural and synovial fluids; CSF penetration is poor
2. Protein binding: 10% to 15%
Half-life elimination:
1. Neonates: 5 hours; Children 3 to 12 months: 2.5 hours
2. Adults: 0.5 to 1.2 hours (prolonged with renal impairment)
Excretion:
Urine (>90% as unchanged drug) within 8 hours

Hypersensitivity to cephalexin, any component of the formulation, or other cephalosporins.

B

Enters breast milk/use caution

Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, headaches, dizziness, skin rash, fever, abnormal liver tests and vaginitis. Individuals who are allergic to penicillin may also be allergic to cephalexin.

Children>1 year: 25-100 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6-8 hours (maximum: 4 g/day)

Cephalexin suspension after mixing is stable for 14 days if stored in the refrigerator