關節炎 Osteoarthritis

Glucosamine enhances cartilage proteoglycan synthesis, thereby inhibiting deterioration of cartilage brought about by osteoarthritis and helping to maintain equilibrium between cartilage catabolic and anabolic processes.

1. Onset: 2-3 weeks; oral bioavailability: low (26%) due to first-pass hepatic metabolism
2. Distribution: not protein-bound, but rather incorporates into plasma proteins
3. Metabolism: extensively metabolized in the liver to smaller molecules and ultimately to carbon dioxide, water, and urea
4. Elimination half-life: 70 hr

Hypersensitivity to glucosamine.

Peripheral edema, tachyarrhythmia, constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, headache, insomnia, somnolence.

Take one pack daily (dissolved in a cup of water, about 100cc), preferably taken with meals.