Ascorbic acid deficiency, Burns, Parenteral nutrition, Scurvy prevention and treatment
藥理
Vitamin, Water Soluble
藥動學
Onset of action: 2 days to 3 weeks (Reversal of scurvy symptoms) Distribution: Pituitary and adrenal glands, leukocytes, eye tissues and humors, and brain, lower concentrations in the plasma and saliva Metabolism: Reversibly oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid (DHA); both ascorbic acid and DHA are active. Unabsorbed ascorbic acid is degraded in the intestine. Half-life elimination: 10 hours; Biological half-life: 8 to 40 days Excretion: Urine (with high serum concentrations)
禁忌症
There are no contraindications listed in the manufacturer's labeling.
懷孕分類
C Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted.
哺乳分類
Ascorbic acid is present in breast milk, should consider risk and benefits
副作用
Hyperoxaluria (with large doses)
劑量和給藥方法
Ascorbic acid deficiency: (IM, IV, SubQ) 70 to 150 mg daily; doses 3 to 5 times the recommended dietary allowance. Burns: (IM, IV, SubQ) 1 to 2 g daily for severe burns; dose may be determined by extent of tissue injury. Scurvy: (IM, IV, SubQ) 300 to 1,000 mg daily; dose and duration of therapy should be individualized Parenteral nutrition: (IV) 200mg/day
小兒調整劑量
Scurvy: 1. Infants > 5 months: (IV) 50mg QD for 1 week 2. Children < 11years: (IV) 100mg QD for 1 week 3. Children > 11years: (IV) 200mg QD for 1 week
Parenteral nutrition: 1. Infants: (IV) 15-25 mg/kg/day; maximum 80mg/day 2. Children and Adolescents: (IV) 80 mg daily.
腎功能調整劑量
1. Mild to severe impairment: No dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling. Use with caution. 2. ESRD: 60 to 100 mg once daily is sufficient to prevent serious ascorbate deficiency due to loss from dialysis; doses >100 mg daily may lead to secondary oxalosis and renal oxalate stone formation
肝功能調整劑量
There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling. Based on the pharmacokinetics of ascorbic acid, a water-soluble vitamin, a dosage adjustment does not seem necessary.