【藥品性質提示】 根據 2019 AGS Beers Criteria，本藥品為【潛在不適當用藥 (PIM)】，不建議老年人併用 Ciprofloxacin 使用 (會增加 Theophylline 毒性)。

氣喘或慢性阻塞性肺病 Bronchial asthma, bronchospasm

Nonselective Phosphodiesterase Enzyme Inhibitor
Theophylline exerts two distinct actions in the lungs; bronchodilation through smooth muscle relaxation and suppression of airway stimuli. The true mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. However, it is suggested that bronchodilation is mediated by inhibition of two isoenzymes, phosphodiesterase (PDE III) and PDE IV while non-bronchodilation effects are mediated through other molecular mechanisms. Theophylline also appears to increase the force of contraction of diaphragmatic muscles through enhancement of calcium uptake through adenosine-mediated channels.

Application to psoriasis plaques and under occlusive dressings may increase the absorption of topical corticosteroids. Absorption through damaged skin is approx. 24 %.

Same as aminophylline

No data available; but ranked as C in other similar product.

Avoided, whenever a nursing mother is taking theophylline, the drug should be taken after breast- feeding to avoid peak concentrations of the drug in milk.

Tachycardia, seizures, hypokalemia, ulceration, reflux, nausea, vomiting, rash, hepatotoxicity.

Initial 400mg QD, maintenance 400-600mg QD

200-400mg QD