Distribution: Drospirenone: ~4 L/kg; Ethinyl estradiol: ~4 to 5 L/kg
Metabolism: Drospirenone: To inactive metabolites, minor metabolism hepatically via CYP3A4;
Ethinyl estradiol: Hepatic via CYP3A4; forms metabolites; undergoes first-pass metabolism and enterohepatic circulation
Bioavailability: Drospirenone: ~76%; Ethinyl estradiol: ~40%
Half-life elimination: Terminal: Drospirenone: ~30 hours; Ethinyl estradiol: ~24 hours
Excretion: Drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol: Urine and feces
禁忌症
Adrenal insufficiency
Breast cancer or other estrogen or progestin-sensitive cancer, current or past history
Cerebrovascular disease
Concomitant use with hepatitis C drug combinations containing ombitasvir, paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir
Coronary artery disease
Deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, current or past history
Diabetes mellitus with vascular disease
Headaches with focal neurological symptoms or migraine headaches with or without aura if over age 35 years
Hepatic dysfunction
Hepatic tumors, benign or malignant
Hypercoagulopathies, inherited or acquired
Hypertension, uncontrolled
Pregnancy
Renal insufficiency
Smoking and over age 35 years
Thrombogenic valvular or thrombogenic rhythm diseases of the heart (eg, subacute bacterial endocarditis with valvular disease or atrial fibrillation)
Uterine bleeding, undiagnosed, abnormal