鋅補充劑 Trace element added to parenteral nutrition (PN) to prevent deficiency

Trace Element

Absorption:
pH-dependent; enhanced at lower pH; (pH <3); impaired by food
Distribution:
1. Stored primarily in skeletal muscle and bone
2. Protein binding: Albumin and alpha 1-macroglobulin
Excretion:
Feces and urine

Hypersensitivity to zinc or any component of the formulation

Zinc crosses the placenta and can be measured in the cord blood and placenta. Fetal concentrations are regulated by the placenta.

Zinc is found in breast milk; concentrations decrease over the first 6 months of lactation. Concentrations are generally not affected by dietary supplementation.

1. IM and IV use is not recommended due to the irritation hypersensitivity reaction
2. Long-term use of zinc may lead to copper deficiency or anemia
3. Pancrease injury are often reported (increased serum concentration of amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase)

Metabolically stable patients:
2.4-4mg/day
Acute metabolic states:
4-6mg/day
Replacement for small bowel fluid loss (metabolically stable):
1. Use: required for patients with intestinal fistula, ostomy effluent, or severe diarrhea due to excessive zinc losses
2. Dosage: Estimated losses range from up to 12 mg zinc/L for GI fluid loss and up to 17 mg zinc/L for stool or ileostomy output

Premature infant (born weight <1500g) <3kg:
300mcg/kg/day of elemental zinc
Infants >one month and children <5 year:
100mcg/kg/day of elemental zinc
Children >5 year:
refer to adult; MAX 4mg/day

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; however, zinc and aluminum accumulation may occur in the setting of renal impairment.
Use with caution in patients with renal impairment.

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.