藥碼
GAN03
藥名
Ganciclovir 針 500mg/Vial
英文商品名
Ganciclovir 針 500mg/Vial
中文商品名
甘西韋注射劑500毫克/小瓶
螢幕名
Ganciclovir 針 500mg/Vial
劑型
Inj
規格
成分
藥理分類
Necleoside & Nucleotide Antivirals
健保碼
BC28514277
ATC碼
藥品圖片
外觀圖片
適應症
Cytomegalovirus, transplant recipients, prophylaxis: Prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in adult transplant recipients at risk for CMV disease.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis, treatment: Treatment (induction and maintenance [secondary prophylaxis]) of CMV retinitis in adults who are immunocompromised, including patients with HIV.
藥理
Antiviral Agent
Ganciclovir is phosphorylated by viral and cellular kinases into ganciclovir triphosphate which competitively inhibits the binding of deoxyguanosine triphosphate to DNA polymerase resulting in inhibition of viral DNA synthesis.
藥動學
  • Distribution (Vd):
  • 1. Children 9 months to 12 years: 0.64 ± 0.22 L/kg
    2. Adults: 0.74 ± 0.15 L/kg; widely to all tissues including CSF and ocular tissue
  • Protein binding: 1% to 2%
  • Half-life elimination:
  • 1. Neonates 2 to 49 days of age: 2.4 hours
    2. Children 9 months to 12 years: 2.4 ± 0.7 hours
    3. Adults: Mean: IV: 3.5 ± 0.9 hours; Oral: 4.8 ± 0.9 hours; CrCl <25 mL/minute: 10.7 ± 5.7 hours
  • Excretion: Urine (80% to 99% as unchanged drug)
  • 禁忌症
    Hypersensitivity to ganciclovir, valganciclovir, acyclovir, or any component of the formulation
    懷孕分類
    C; Ganciclovir crosses the placenta. Based on animal data, ganciclovir may cause fetal harm.
    哺乳分類
    Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed infant, breastfeeding is not recommended by the manufacturer.
    副作用
    Hyperhidrosis (12%); Abdominal pain (≧20%), decreased appetite (14%), diarrhea (44%), nausea (≧20%), vomiting (13%); Anemia (25%), decrease in absolute neutrophil count, leukopenia (41%); Infection (13%), sepsis (15%); Asthenia (≧20%), headache (≧20%); Retinal detachment (11%); Increased serum creatinine; Cough (≧20%), dyspnea (≧20%); Fever (48%)
    劑量和給藥方法
    Cytomegalovirus, transplant recipients, prophylaxis (alternative agent):
    1. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: 5 mg/kg every 12 hours for ~7 days, then 5 mg/kg every 24 hours until day ~100 post-transplant or 5 mg/kg every 24 hours from day 8 to day 2 followed by high dose valacyclovir post-transplant.
    2. Solid organ transplant recipients: 5 mg/kg every 24 hours; duration of prophylaxis is dependent on type of transplant, as well as donor and recipient cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus
    Cytomegalovirus retinitis, treatment:
    1. Induction therapy: 5 mg/kg every 12 hours for at least 14 to 21 days followed by maintenance therapy .
    2. Chronic maintenance therapy (secondary prophylaxis) (alternative agent): 5 mg/kg once daily (7 days/week) or 6 mg/kg once daily (5 days/week).
    小兒調整劑量
    腎功能調整劑量
    CrCl (mL/minute) Induction
    (If usual dose is 5 mg/kg/dose q12h)
    Maintenance
    (If usual dose is 5 mg/kg/dose q24h)
    >70 No dosage adjustment necessary No dosage adjustment necessary
    50 to <70 2.5 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours 2.5 mg/kg/dose every 24 hours
    25 to <50 2.5 mg/kg/dose every 24 hours 1.25 mg/kg/dose every 24 hours
    10 to <25 1.25 mg/kg/dose every 24 hours 0.625 mg/kg/dose every 24 hours
    <10 1.25 mg/kg/dose 3 times weekly (every 48 to 72 hours) 0.625 mg/kg/dose 3 times weekly (every 48 to 72 hours)
    肝功能調整劑量
    There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling
    安定性
    Store intact vials and premixed solution bags at 25°C; excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C.
    Reconstituted solution in the vial is stable at room temperature for 12 hours; do not refrigerate or freeze.
    Diluted solutions for infusion should be refrigerated and used within 24 hours of preparation; do not freeze.
    藥袋資訊
    臨床用途
    抗病毒藥物 (皰疹病毒、帶狀泡疹、巨細胞病毒)
    主要副作用
    腹瀉、食慾差、噁心、嘔吐、消化不良、頭痛、無力等
    泡製方法
    儲存方式
    請置於 15-30℃ 乾燥處儲存
    注意事項
    其他說明
    藥局 Z11 | 藥庫 注B12
    藥品外觀
    顏色
    形狀
    剝痕
    標記1
    標記2
    其他
    健保藥價
    1492
    自費價
    1790.4
    仿單
    資料庫
    健保給付規定